Explanation on the Proposal of the CPC Central Committee on the Formulation of the 13th Five-Year Plan for National Economic and Social Development

Xi:

Entrusted by the Political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee, I would now like to explain to the plenum on the drafting of the CPC Central Committee's Proposal for Formulating the 13th Five-Year Plan for National Economic and Social Development.

1. Drafting process of proposal

The period of the 13th Five-Year Plan is a decisive period for completing the building of a moderately prosperous society in all respects and achieving the first of the "two centenary goals" set by the Party. Formulate and implement good "much starker choices-and graver consequences-in planning advice, clarify the party and the national strategic intent, clear the development of the guiding ideology, basic principles, goals and objectives, basic concept and major initiatives, depicting the good national development blueprint in the next five years, is a matter of build a well-off society in an all-round way, comprehensively deepen reform and comprehensive law, comprehensive governing party strategic layout coordination, is China's economic and social sustainable and healthy development, on the overall socialist modernization construction.

Therefore, in January of this year, the politburo decided, review of the fifth plenary session of the party's 18 "much starker choices-and graver consequences-in planning advice," formed by me as team leader, comrade li keqiang, zhang gaoli served as deputy team leader, the relevant departments and local eventually is responsible for the comrades to attend the file, under the leadership of the standing committee of the political bureau of the central recommendations, drafting work.

On January 28, the CPC Central Committee issued a Notice on Soliciting Comments on the Fifth Plenary Session of the 18th CPC Central Committee to Study the Proposal for the 13th Five-Year Plan, soliciting opinions and suggestions from a certain scope within the Party. On February 10, the drafting group held its first plenary meeting, and the drafting of the draft was officially started.

Feedback from various aspects, by all accounts, the fifth plenary session of the party 18 key research problems "much starker choices-and graver consequences-in planning advice and puts forward some Suggestions, to adhere to and develop socialism with Chinese characteristics, to achieve" two "one hundred goals, realizing the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation the Chinese dream, has the very vital significance. On the whole, we have concluded that during the 13th Five-Year Plan period, China is still in an important period of strategic opportunities in which great progress can be made. However, the connotation of this period of strategic opportunities has undergone profound changes, and China's development faces many favorable conditions as well as many risks and challenges. Common hope, through the formulation "much starker choices-and graver consequences-in" period should be definite the basic ideas of China's economic and social development, the main target, especially to promote the development of new development concept, put forward some major strategic landmark major move, major projects, and strive to resolve outstanding problems and obvious short board, make sure to build a well-off society in an all-round way as scheduled, maintain social and economic sustainable and healthy development. During the process of drafting the document, the drafting group fully considered and carefully absorbed the opinions and suggestions from all sides.

Over the past nine months since its establishment, the drafting group has carried out in-depth research on special topics, extensively solicited opinions from various parties, and held several meetings to discuss and revise the document. According to a decision made at a meeting of the Political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee, at the end of July, the draft proposal was circulated to a certain range of Party members, including some veteran Party members, and specifically solicited opinions from leaders of the Central Committee of the democratic parties, the All-China Federation of Industry and Commerce, and personages without party affiliation. During this period, the Standing Committee of the Political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee held three meetings and the Political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee held two meetings respectively to examine the draft proposal.

Feedback shows that all localities and departments have given full approval to the draft proposals. It is agreed that the draft embodies the four-pronged comprehensive strategy and the five-pronged integrated plan, reflects the decisions and arrangements made by the CPC Central Committee since the 18th National Congress of the CPC, conforms to the inherent requirements of the new normal in China's economic development, and is highly ideological, strategic, forward-looking and guiding. The draft puts forward the concept of innovative, coordinated, green, open and shared development, which makes new breakthroughs in theory and practice, and is of great guiding significance for solving development problems, strengthening the driving force for development and cultivating the advantages of development. The draft proposals are problem-oriented, focus on prominent problems and obvious areas of weakness, respond to people's demands and expectations, and put forward a series of major new strategies and measures, which will play an important role in promoting sustained and sound economic and social development.

In the process of soliciting opinions, various aspects put forward many good opinions and suggestions, mainly in the following aspects. First, I propose a more in-depth and forward-looking analysis of the opportunities and challenges facing China's development during the 13th Five-Year Plan period. Second, we propose to further highlight the livelihood indicators of common concern to the people, such as employment, education, social security, housing and medical care. Third, it is suggested to seize the opportunities brought by the new round of scientific and technological revolution, gather superior resources into key areas, and strive to make breakthroughs in key core technologies. Fourth, it is suggested to further increase the weight of green indicators in all indicators of the 13th Five-Year Plan, and make ensuring people's health and improving environmental quality more binding indicators. Fifth, attach importance to promoting the opening up of inland regions, especially the central and western regions. Sixth, we propose that we pay more attention to promoting social equity by improving secondary distribution, clarify policies and measures for targeted poverty alleviation, and use more public resources to improve the social security system.

The Central Committee instructed the drafting group to carefully study and absorb comments and suggestions from all quarters. The drafting group of the document comprehensively summarized and analyzed the opinions and suggestions from all aspects item by item, so as to absorb as much as possible.

Second, the main consideration and basic framework of the draft proposal

The draft recommendations have taken into full account the trends and requirements of China's economic and social development during the 13th Five-Year Plan period.

First, as the first five-year plan after China's economic development entered the new normal, the 13th Five-Year Plan must adapt to the new normal, grasp the new normal and guide the new normal. Under the new normal, changes in the rate of economic development in our country show the three characteristics, structural optimization, power transformation, growth from high speed to high speed, speed of development mode from the scale to quality efficiency, economic structure adjustment from the incremental capacity to adjust, optimize increment and stock, momentum from mainly depend on resources and low-cost labor and other inputs to drive innovation. These changes do not depend on people's will for the transfer, is our country's economic development stage characteristics of the inevitable requirements. In formulating proposals for economic and social development during the 13th Five-Year Plan period, we must give full consideration to these trends and requirements, and make strategic plans in accordance with the general requirements of adapting to, grasping and guiding the new normal.

Second, in the face of new trends, new opportunities, new problems and new challenges in economic and social development, and in planning economic and social development during the 13th Five-Year Plan period, we must establish a new development philosophy and use it to guide development actions. The ancients said: "The reason, of course, things are also." The concept of development is the guide of development actions. It is what determines the overall situation, the foundation, the direction, and the long-term development. It embodies the thinking, direction, and focus of development. When the development concept is right, the goals and tasks can be set, and the policies and measures can be set accordingly. To this end, the draft proposed innovative, coordinated, green, open, sharing development concepts, and the five development concepts as the main line of the draft layout. These five development concepts fully embody the thinking, direction and focus of China's development during the 13th Five-Year Plan period and beyond. They also reflect the experience of China's development over the past 30 years of reform and opening up, and reflect the Party's new understanding of the law of China's development.

Third, as the final plan for completing the building of a moderately prosperous society in all respects, the 13th Five-Year Plan (2016-2020) must firmly address the weak links in completing the building of a moderately prosperous society in all respects and do more to strengthen them. For example, poverty alleviation in rural areas is a major weakness. We cannot declare that we have completed the building of a moderately prosperous society in all respects while at the same time, tens of millions of people are still living below the poverty line. This will not only affect the people's satisfaction with the building of a moderately prosperous society, but also affect the international community's recognition of China's completion. In addition, there are some obvious shortcomings in the development of social programs, environmental protection and people's livelihood. To plan economic and social development during the 13th Five-Year Plan period, we must do our best to strengthen weak links and make development more coordinated and balanced.

In addition, considering that after the adoption of the proposal, we will have to draw up the 13th Five-Year Plan Outline on the basis of the proposal, and there should be a reasonable division of labor between the two documents. Therefore, in terms of content, the recommendations focus on establishing the concept of development, clarifying the direction, thinking, key tasks and major measures of development, while some specific work arrangements are left to be specified in the Outline, so as to better reflect and give play to the macro, strategic and guiding nature of the recommendations.

In the process of drafting the proposal, we pay attention to the following principles. First, we should maintain the unity of goal orientation and problem orientation. We should work backwards from the goal of completing the building of a moderately prosperous society in all respects to identify the tasks that must be completed by the time the deadline is reached, and we should work backwards from the problems that urgently need to be solved to identify the ways and means to solve the problems. Second, we need to balance domestic and global perspectives, adapt to and guide the new normal in economic development with new ideas, new thinking and new measures, and make plans based on global economic ties. We need to improve our ability to allocate resources around the world. Third, we must coordinate overall planning with priorities. While focusing on advancing economic, political, cultural, social, ecological, opening up, national defense and Party building in an all-round way, we should also highlight weak links and areas lagging behind, focus on tackling critical problems, and propose feasible ideas and practical measures. Fourth, adhere to the combination of strategic and operational, not only emphasize the macro planning, strategic, guidance, but also highlight the planning of the binding force and can be operated, can be checked, easy to evaluate, to achieve the combination of reality and reality.

In terms of structure, the proposal is divided into three sections and eight parts. The introduction and the first and second parts constitute the first part, which belongs to the general introduction. The first part focuses on the situation and guiding ideology in the decisive stage of building a moderately prosperous society in all respects, summarizes the major achievements of China's development during the 12th Five-Year Plan period, analyzes the basic characteristics of the development environment during the 13th Five-Year Plan period, and puts forward the guiding ideology and principles to be followed for China's development during the 13th Five-Year Plan period. The second part describes the main goals and basic concepts of China's economic and social development during the "13th Five-Year" period, puts forward new goals and requirements to complete the building of a moderately prosperous society in an all-round way, and puts forward and explains the development concepts of innovation, coordination, green, openness and sharing.

The third part to the seventh part constitute the second part, which belongs to the sub-discussion, respectively elaborates and deploys on adhering to innovative development, coordinated development, green development, open development and shared development. The third part focuses on adhering to innovative development and improving the quality and efficiency of development, from seven aspects: cultivating new driving force for development, expanding new space for development, deeply implementing innovation-driven development strategy, vigorously promoting agricultural modernization, constructing new industrial system, constructing new development system, and innovating and improving macro-control mode. The fourth part focuses on adhering to coordinated development and striving to form a balanced development structure, from four aspects of promoting coordinated regional development, coordinated urban and rural development, coordinated development of material civilization and spiritual civilization, and integrated development of economic construction and national defense construction. The fifth part focuses on adhering to green development and striving to improve the ecological environment, from six aspects: promoting harmonious coexistence between man and nature, speeding up the construction of main functional zones, promoting low-carbon and circular development, comprehensively economizing and efficient utilization of resources, strengthening environmental governance, and building a solid barrier for ecological security. The sixth part adhere to the open development, and strive to achieve win-win cooperation, improve the strategic layout of opening to the outside world and form a new system of opening to the outside world and promoting the construction of "area", deepen cooperation development in mainland China and Hong Kong and Macao and the mainland and Taiwan, actively participate in global economic governance, positive international responsibility and obligation in six aspects. 7 part about sharing the development and strive to improve people's well-being, from increasing public service supply, implementation of poverty crucial engineering, improve the quality of education, promote employment entrepreneurship, narrow the income gap and build a more fair and more sustainable social security system, promote the health of China construction, promote the balanced development of population in eight aspects.

The eighth part and the conclusion make up the third part. Eighth part to strengthen and improve the party's leadership, to achieve "much starker choices-and graver consequences-in planning" provide a strong guarantee, improve the party leader working systems and mechanisms of economic and social development, united struggle, mobilize the masses to speed up the construction of reinvigorating China through human resource development, using the rule of law thinking and way to promote the development of rule of law, strengthen the social governance and innovation, to ensure that goals and tasks of "much starker choices-and graver consequences-in planning Suggestions to implement six aspects. The conclusion calls on the whole Party and the people of all ethnic groups in China to work with one heart and one mind to achieve a great victory in the decisive stage of building a moderately prosperous society in all respects.

Three, the need to focus on a few issues

The draft proposals put forward a series of new development requirements and major measures. Here, a few of them are briefly explained.

First, we need to maintain medium-high economic growth. The draft proposal sets the goal of maintaining medium-high economic growth in the next five years. The main consideration is that to achieve the goal of doubling the 2010 GDP and per capita income of urban and rural residents by 2020, we must maintain the necessary growth rate. In terms of doubling the GDP, the bottom line is that the economy will grow at an average annual rate of above 6.5% from 2016 to 2020. The per capita income of urban and rural residents doubled. In 2010, the per capita disposable income of urban residents and the per capita net income of rural residents were 19,109 yuan and 5,919 yuan respectively. To double that by 2020, the economy must grow at least 6.5 percent annually during the 13th Five-Year Plan period, in line with the requirement that personal income increase be in step with economic growth. Maintaining a medium-high rate of economic growth will help improve people's lives and make the fruits of building a moderately prosperous society in all respects more tangible to the people. As China's economic development has entered a new normal, it will take some time and space to resolve overcapacity, upgrade the industrial structure, and achieve innovation-driven development. As the economy faces significant downward pressure, it will be difficult to maintain a high growth rate. In consideration of guiding market expectations in a positive way and leaving some room for improvement, and taking into account opinions from various sectors, the draft set the goal of maintaining a medium-high rate of economic growth.

Major research institutions at home and abroad generally believe that China's average annual potential economic growth rate during the 13th Five-Year Plan period is 6%-7%. On the whole, it is possible for China's economy to maintain a growth rate of around 7% in the future, but there are also many uncertainties. This is because for some time to come, global economic and trade growth will continue to be weak, and China's investment and consumer demand growth will slow down. It will take a long time to create new market space. In the absence of significant improvement in economic structure and technological conditions, tighter constraints on the safe supply of resources, environmental quality and greenhouse gas emission reduction will compress the space for economic growth. There are also other risks in the economy, such as a high leverage ratio and rising economic risks, which are constraining economic growth. At the same time, it is a basic rule that the growth rate will slow down as the economic aggregate continues to grow.

During the 13th Five-Year Plan period, China's development should be judged not only by the speed, but also by the increment, and more importantly, by the quality. We should strive to achieve high-quality, efficient, water-efficient and sustainable growth, and achieve economic growth by transforming the economic development pattern, optimizing the economic structure, improving the ecological environment, and raising the quality and efficiency of development.

Second, the urbanization rate of registered population has been accelerated. The urbanization rate of registered population directly reflects the health degree of urbanization. According to the National New Urbanization Plan (2014-2020), the urbanization rate of registered population will reach about 45% by 2020. Based on the urbanization rate of 35.9% in 2013, the annual increase of 1.3 percentage points means that more than 16 million households need to be transferred annually. Today, China's urbanization rate is close to 55 percent based on its permanent urban population, and the total urban population has reached 750 million. The problem is that the total population of 750 million includes 250 million permanent residents from other places, mainly rural migrant workers. They still do not have equal access to public services such as education, employment services, social security, medical care and affordable housing in urban areas, which has caused some complex economic and social problems.

The draft proposal calls for accelerating the urbanization rate to meet the central government's goal of allowing around 100 million rural migrant workers and other permanent residents to settle down in cities and towns. The 100 million people mainly refer to rural students who went to school or joined the army to enter cities and towns, rural migrants who have worked or lived in cities and towns for more than five years, and those who have moved with their families.

Achieving urban residency for 100 million people is of great significance. From the perspective of supply, when the total population of working age decreases, it is of great significance to stabilize the labor supply and wage cost and cultivate the modern industrial worker team. From the perspective of demand, it is of great significance to expand consumer demand, stabilize the real estate market, and expand investment in urban infrastructure and public service facilities. Achieving this goal will not only help stabilize economic growth, but also promote social equity, justice, harmony and stability. It is essential for a moderately prosperous society in all respects to benefit more people. This requires us to step up efforts to implement the reform measures of the household registration system and accelerate the improvement of relevant supporting policies to ensure the realization of this goal.

Third, we need to lift all rural poor people out of poverty under China's current standards, lift all poor counties out of poverty, and solve regional poverty as a whole. Poverty alleviation in rural areas is the most arduous task for building a moderately prosperous society in all respects. China's current poverty alleviation standard is 2,300 yuan per capita annual net income of farmers at constant 2010 prices, and 2,800 yuan per capita in 2014. By this standard, there were still 70.17 million rural people living in poverty at the end of 2014. Taking into account the price level and other factors, the standard calculated at current prices will be updated year by year. It is estimated that if the annual growth rate is adjusted at 6%, the national poverty alleviation standard will be about 4,000 yuan per capita net income in 2020. In the future, the poverty alleviation standard represents a standard of living that can roughly meet the basic level required for completing the building of a moderately prosperous society in all respects by 2020, and can continue to be adopted.

Through the implementation of poverty alleviation programs and targeted poverty alleviation, the goal of lifting 70.17 million rural people out of poverty is achievable. From 2011 to 2014, 43.29 million, 23.39 million, 16.5 million and 12.32 million rural residents were lifted out of poverty each year, respectively. So the goal of reducing poverty by 10 million people a year is achievable through strong, effective measures. To be specific, by 2020, 30 million people will be lifted out of poverty through industrial support. By transferring jobs, 10 million people can be lifted out of poverty. Through relocation, 10 million people can be lifted out of poverty, a total of about 50 million people. There are still more than 20 million poor people who have completely or partially lost the ability to work. By fully being covered by the subsistence allowance, the social security policy will be implemented to help people from the bottom of their poverty.

Fourth, we will implement a number of major national science and technology projects and set up a number of national laboratories in major innovation fields. To implement the strategy of innovation-driven development, we must give greater prominence to scientific and technological innovation in key areas and carry out a number of major scientific and technological projects that are important to the overall and long-term interests of the country. This will not only help China break the constraint of major, key and core technologies on others in critical strategic areas, but also help China explore new industrial development directions and key areas and foster new areas of economic growth. In August, 2014, 16 countries we sure you want to grasp the implementation of the existing science and technology major projects, further focus on goals, focused, conquering high-end general chip, integrated circuit equipment, broadband mobile communications, high-grade CNC machine tools, plant, drug discovery and other key core technology, speed up the formation of a number of strategic technology and strategic products, foster new industries. On this basis, take 2030 as the time node, select a batch of major science and technology projects that reflect the national strategic intention, and strive to make breakthroughs. To meet our long-term strategic needs, we will continue to do what we have done while not doing what we have done. We will deploy a number of major science and technology projects that reflect our national strategic intentions in areas such as aeroengines, quantum communications, intelligent manufacturing, robotics (74.300,-0.72,-0.96%), deep space and deep sea exploration, key new materials, brain science, and health care. The projects that have already been deployed and those that will be deployed will be laid out in a step-by step system, so that we can leverage the advantages of the new nationwide system in a market economy, pool our resources and work together to tackle key problems, so as to provide support for climbing the strategic commanding heights, improving China's overall competitiveness and safeguarding national security.

The gap between our country and the developed countries is mainly reflected in the innovation ability. To improve the innovation ability, we must consolidate the material and technological foundation of independent innovation and speed up the construction of the innovation basic platform led by the National Laboratory. National laboratory has become the main developed countries take the commanding heights of science and technology innovation important carrier, such as argonne, los alamos and Lawrence Berkeley national laboratory and the German helmholtz research center and so on, are all around the country's mission, rely on interdisciplinary, great collaboration and high strength support for the research of collaborative innovation base. In China at present, science and technology innovation has to give priority to in order to track towards a new stage of tracking and run, leading to coexist, be badly in need of national goals and the strategic demand oriented, targeting the international frontier science and technology, layout a batch size bigger, interdisciplinary integration, integrated national laboratory, optimizing the allocation of human, financial resources, and form a new pattern of cooperative innovation. Main consideration in some areas of significant innovation to form a number of national laboratories, gathered at home and abroad to create a first-class talent highland, plays an important leading role of the collaborative research group, on behalf of the state level, international peer recognition, have a say in the world of science and technology innovation strength, to grab the commanding heights of science and technology of the important strategic innovation power.

Fifth, strengthen overall planning and coordination, reform and improve the financial regulatory framework in line with the development of modern financial markets. Finance is the core of modern economy, which affects and even determines the healthy development of economy to a great extent. The development of modern finance is characterized by many types of institutions, large scale of comprehensive operation, complex product structure, high transaction frequency, fast cross-border flow, fast risk transmission and wide scope of influence. Since the outbreak of the international financial crisis, major countries have stepped up efforts to reform their financial regulatory systems, with the focus on raising regulatory standards and forming complementary synergy and risk management capabilities.

In recent years, the development of China's financial industry has been significantly accelerated, with a diversified financial institution system, a complex product structure system, an informationized trading system and a more open financial market. In particular, the trend of comprehensive operation is obvious. This brings great challenge to the current system of segregated supervision. The Third Plenary Session of the 18th CPC Central Committee put forward the reform task of improving the supervision and coordination mechanism on strengthening financial supervision. The recent frequent exposure of local risks, especially the recent violent fluctuations in the capital market, shows that the current regulatory framework has institutional contradictions that are not suitable for the development of China's financial industry. It also reminds us once again that we must safeguard financial security through reform and effectively prevent systemic risks. We need to keep to the direction of market-based reform, accelerate the establishment of a strong and effective modern financial regulatory framework that is in line with the characteristics of modern finance and that features coordinated oversight, so as to ensure that no systemic risks occur.

Since the outbreak of the international financial crisis, major economies have carried out major reforms in their financial regulatory systems. The main approach is to coordinate the supervision of major financial institutions and financial holding companies in the system, especially to be responsible for the prudent management of these financial institutions; To coordinate and supervise important financial infrastructure, including important payment systems, clearing institutions, financial assets registration and custodian institutions, etc., to maintain the sound and efficient operation of financial infrastructure; To be responsible for overall statistics of the financial sector, strengthen and improve macroeconomic regulation of the financial sector and maintain financial stability through data collection covering all sectors of the financial sector. These practices are worth our study and reference.

Sixth, we will implement measures to control both the amount and intensity of energy and water consumption and land used for construction. To promote ecological progress and solve the problems of increasing resource constraints, serious environmental pollution and ecosystem degradation, we must take some tough measures and make concrete efforts to achieve results. One of the hard measures is to control both energy and water consumption and the amount and intensity of land used for construction. That is to say, we must control both the total amount and the intensity of energy consumption, water consumption and construction land consumption per unit of GDP. If this work is done well, it will not only save energy, water and soil resources, reduce pollutant emissions at the source, but also force the transformation of China's economic development pattern and improve the green level of China's economic development.

The intensity of energy consumption per unit of GDP was adopted as a binding target in the 11th Five-Year Plan for the first time, and the 12th Five-Year Plan put forward a reasonable control of total energy consumption. Now, this is both necessary and effective. In light of the current grim situation of resources and the environment, while continuing to control the total amount and intensity of energy consumption, we should also control the total amount and intensity of water resources and construction land as binding targets, establish a target responsibility system, and implement them in a reasonable manner. We should study and establish a marketization mechanism of double control, establish a budget management system, a system of paid use and transaction, and use more market means to achieve the goal of double control.

Seventh, on exploring the implementation of farmland rotation fallow system trial. After a long period of development, the development and utilization of cultivated land in China has been too intensive, the land capacity in some places has been seriously overdrawn, soil erosion, groundwater overdrawing, soil degradation, and non-point source pollution have become the prominent problems restricting the sustainable development of agriculture. At present, the domestic grain inventory increased more, the burden of storage subsidies is heavier. At the same time, grain prices in the international market are falling, and there is a significant upside down in grain prices in the domestic and foreign markets. Taking advantage of the abundant grain supply in domestic and foreign markets at the present stage, the rotation and fallow of cultivated land in some areas is not only conducive to the recovery of cultivated land and the sustainable development of agriculture, but also conducive to balance the contradiction between grain supply and demand, stabilize farmers' income and reduce financial pressure.

Under the implementation of the cultivated land rotation and fallow system, the state may, in light of the financial resources and the supply and demand of grain, carry out pilot projects in areas with groundwater funnel, areas polluted by heavy metals and areas with serious ecological degradation, allocate a certain area of cultivated land for fallow use and provide farmers with necessary grain or cash subsidies for fallow use. The pilot program should be carried out on the premise of ensuring national food security and not affecting farmers' income. The fallow program should not reduce the amount of arable land, turn agricultural production into non-agricultural production, or impair the overall agricultural production capacity, or ensure that food can be produced and provided in times of emergency. At the same time, we will speed up efforts to encourage agriculture to go global and increase the supply of domestic agricultural products (14.33,0.18,1.27 percent). The situation of cultivated land rotation and fallow is complicated, so it is necessary to explore and carry out pilot projects first.

Eighth, we will implement a vertical management system for monitoring, supervision and law enforcement by environmental protection agencies below the provincial level. Serious environmental pollution, especially air, water and soil pollution, has become a major weakness in completing the building of a moderately prosperous society in all respects. Reversing environmental deterioration and improving environmental quality are the people's ardent expectations, and an important task that must be paid great attention to and effectively promoted during the 13th Five-Year Plan period. The current local environmental protection management system, which is mainly based on local areas, has resulted in some localities placing more emphasis on development than on environmental protection, interfering in environmental monitoring, supervision and law enforcement, making it difficult to implement environmental responsibility, and a large number of cases have been found in which laws are not observed, law enforcement is lax, and violations are not prosecuted. Together, the current environmental protection system has four problems: one is difficult to implement the supervision of local government and related departments responsibility, 2 it is difficult to solve local protectionism for environmental monitoring and supervision law enforcement intervention, 3 it is difficult to adapt to solve the problem of cross-regional, cross river environment as a whole new requirements, four is difficult to regulate and strengthen the construction of the local environmental protection agency team.

Recommendations put forward below the provincial environmental protection agencies vertical management, monitoring and supervision law enforcement mainly refers to the provincial city (ground) county environmental protection departments directly management of monitoring and supervision organization, for its personnel and work, the city level (ground) environmental protection bureau to the provincial department of environmental protection (bureau) of the dual management system, no longer single set but as a city, county environmental protection bureau (to) the resident agencies of the environmental protection bureau. This is a major reform of China's environmental management system and will help enhance the uniformity, authority and effectiveness of environmental law enforcement. This reform should be carried out on a pilot basis, and we will strive to complete the reform task during the 13th Five-Year Plan period.

Ninth, on the full implementation of the policy that every couple can have two children. At present, China's population structure shows obvious characteristics of old age and small children, the child-bearing desire of the school-age population is significantly reduced, and the total fertility rate of women is significantly lower than the replacement level. Now the main body of birth is after 80, 90, their concept of fertility has changed, the cost of raising children has increased, at the same time the level of social security has improved, the social concept of raising children for old age has weakened significantly, fewer and better birth has become the mainstream of social concept of fertility. On the one hand, surveys show that since the implementation of the policy allowing couples to have two children if one of the parents is an only child, more than 11 million couples have met the requirements. By the end of August, only 1.69 million couples, or 15.4 percent, had applied to have a second child. On the other hand, China's population aging trend is obvious. In 2014, the population over 60 years old accounted for more than 15% of the total population, the proportion of the elderly population was higher than the world average, and the proportion of the population under 14 years old was lower than the world average. The working-age population began to decline in absolute terms, and this trend is continuing. All these pose new challenges to the balanced development of population and population security in China.

The full implementation of the one-child policy will further release the fertility potential, relieve the pressure of population aging, increase labor supply and promote balanced population development. This is an important measure to promote the balanced development of population from the strategic height of the long-term development of the Chinese nation. After careful calculation, the National Health and Family Planning Commission and other departments believe that the implementation of this policy is feasible.

Comrades! The main task of this plenum is to discuss, revise and adopt the proposal on the 13th Five-Year Plan. To do this well is of great significance to guiding the formulation of the national 13th Five-Year Plan and guiding economic and social development during the period. We should fully grasp and deeply understand the goals, ideas, tasks and measures put forward in the draft, think carefully, discuss in depth and put forward constructive opinions and suggestions so as to make the draft more perfect. In conclusion, let us work with one heart and one mind to make this plenary session a success.